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Exit Friction Models

Ownership • Legacy • Access Control • Sovereignty

mechanisms that slow, penalize, or disincentivize early withdrawal

Exit Friction Models are protocol-layer mechanisms designed to slow down or penalize capital withdrawal in order to reduce volatility, preserve liquidity, and promote long-term participation. These models create “soft locks” through timing constraints, fee structures, or progressive reward systems that make it economically irrational to exit early. Exit friction isn’t about restriction — it’s about realigning user behavior through well-placed disincentives and pacing.

Use Case: A staking platform includes a Cooldown Period of 7 days before assets can be withdrawn and applies a Protocol Withdrawal Fee if users exit before 30 days. Together, these exit friction models deter yield-hopping and preserve protocol stability.

Key Concepts:

Summary: Exit Friction Models introduce calculated resistance to withdrawal. By making exit behavior less attractive, they stabilize token ecosystems, reduce mercenary cycling, and increase the quality and consistency of protocol participants.

Friction Type Trigger Penalty/Delay Strategic Purpose
Cooldown Unstake Request Time-Locked Delay Prevents Fast Exits
Withdrawal Fee Early Exit % Yield or Capital Deducted Discourages Yield-Hopping
Reset Penalty Breaking Streak Progress Wiped Reinforces Consistency
Reward Forfeiture Exit Before Vesting Pending Rewards Lost Protects Emissions

Friction Model How It Works Principal Impact Typical Duration/Amount
Time Friction Mandatory waiting period None 7-21 days
Fee Friction Percentage deducted on exit Partial loss 0.5-5%
Progress Friction Multipliers/tiers reset None Full or partial reset
Reward Friction Pending rewards forfeited None 50-100% of pending
Access Friction Re-entry blacklist period None 7-30 days

Time-Based Friction
– Cooldown periods
– Unstaking timers
– Withdrawal queues
– Unbonding delays
– Notice periods
Makes leaving take time
Economic Friction
– Withdrawal fees
– Exit penalties
– Reward forfeiture
– Principal slashing
– Gas cost penalties
Makes leaving cost money
Progress Friction
– Multiplier resets
– Tier demotions
– Streak breaks
– Access revocation
– Status loss
Makes leaving cost progress
Layered Defense: Effective protocols combine all three friction types. Time alone can be waited out. Economic alone can be absorbed. Progress alone can be rebuilt. Together, they create comprehensive protection.

Light Friction
– 1-3 day cooldown
– 0.5-1% fee
– Minor multiplier loss
– Quick recovery
Filters casual farmers
Moderate Friction
– 7-14 day cooldown
– 1-2% fee
– Full multiplier reset
– Reward forfeiture
Industry standard
Heavy Friction
– 21+ day cooldown
– 3-5%+ fee
– Complete progress wipe
– Re-entry blacklist
High-value vaults only
Design Trade-off: Light friction attracts more users but doesn’t retain them. Heavy friction retains users but discourages entry. Moderate friction balances both — meaningful enough to matter, not so severe it deters participation.

Why Friction Models Work
– Creates reflection period
– Calculable exit cost
– Loss aversion psychology
– Filters uncommitted capital
– Stabilizes TVL
– Protects loyal users’ yield
When Friction Backfires
– Friction feels arbitrary
– Rules hidden or unclear
– Emergency exits punished
– Competitors offer less friction
– Users feel trapped
– No decay over time
Design Principle: Friction should feel like “payment for flexibility” not “punishment for leaving.” Users should understand the rules upfront and feel they made a fair trade when they chose to stake.

Combination Components Total Exit Cost Protection Level
Basic Cooldown only Time Low
Standard Cooldown + fee Time + money Moderate
Enhanced Cooldown + fee + forfeiture Time + money + rewards Good
Comprehensive Cooldown + fee + forfeiture + reset Time + money + rewards + progress Maximum

Before Staking — Evaluate Friction
– What’s the cooldown period?
– Are there withdrawal fees?
– What resets on exit?
– When does friction reach 0?
– Are rules clearly documented?
– Can you commit to the terms?
Planning Exits — Minimize Friction
– Wait for cooldown milestones
– Plan around fee decay
– Claim rewards before exit
– Factor total exit cost
– Compare to opportunity cost
– Time exits strategically
Strategic Tip: Calculate your “friction break-even” — how long until friction costs reach zero. If you’re 3 days from penalty-free exit and facing 2% fee, the math usually favors waiting. Only break this rule for exceptional opportunities.

 
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