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Layer Summary Index

system overview

Layer Summary Index outlines the structure of blockchain layersÔÇöprimarily Layer 1, Layer 2, and emerging Layer 0 protocols. Layer 1 represents the base blockchain (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum), Layer 2 consists of scaling solutions built on top (e.g., Optimism, Arbitrum), and Layer 0 refers to interoperability or foundational networks (e.g., Polkadot, Cosmos) that allow different blockchains to communicate. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify how different projects interact and scale.

Use Case: Developers leverage Layer 2 scaling solutions to reduce Ethereum gas fees while still settling transactions on the secure Layer 1 network.

Key Concepts:

  • Layer 0 Protocol ÔÇö Foundational infrastructure enabling interoperability and shared security.
  • Layer 1 Protocol ÔÇö Base blockchain networks providing native consensus and transaction validation.
  • Layer 2 Protocol ÔÇö Off-chain scaling and rollup systems improving throughput and cost efficiency.
  • Layer 3 Protocol ÔÇö Application and UX layer connecting users to blockchain functionality.

Layer Interaction Map ÔÇô Blockchain Stack Overview

Layer Purpose Examples
Layer 0 ÔÇô Foundational Infrastructure Enables creation and connectivity of multiple Layer 1 blockchains. Provides shared security, interoperability, and modular design frameworks. Polkadot, Cosmos, Avalanche Subnets
Layer 1 ÔÇô Base Blockchain Networks Independent chains that manage their own consensus, validate transactions, and support smart contracts and tokens. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cardano, XRP, Hedera
Layer 2 ÔÇô Scaling Solutions Built on top of Layer 1 to handle transaction processing off-chain, reduce congestion, and lower gas fees while settling back to Layer 1. Optimism, Arbitrum, Polygon POS, Shibarium, Lightning Network, Songbird
Layer 3 ÔÇô Application & UX Layer Interfaces, social protocols, and dApps that users directly interact with. Translates blockchain functionality into usable experiences. Lens Protocol, Uniswap Interface, Galaxy, Web3 Gaming, Cross-Chain Wallets
 
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